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Atherosclerosis Heart Disease Of Native Coronary Artery
Michael E. DeBakey Michael DeBakey is an American cardiologist, educator, global health activist, and pioneer in heart surgery.
A Tale Of Coronary Artery Disease And Myocardial Infarction
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Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. The main problem with atherosclerosis is the blockage (clogging) or lack of blood flow to the organs supplied by the affected arteries. However, the mechanical stability and properties of the root may change in the form of non-clogging problems. The aorta and the aorta sometimes become mechanically unstable and dilated, causing an aneurysm (enlargement of the blood vessel due to damage to the wall of the blood vessel). These aneurysms can cause bleeding that blocks the blood vessels below or rupture and bleed, which can be fatal. The aorta loses its elasticity and becomes calcified (hardened). Blood is pumped into the obstructed aorta with an increased rate characterized by increased systolic blood pressure. These factors play an important role in the development of heart disease, hypertension and stroke in elderly patients.
Complications of atherosclerosis can be done in two ways, both of which are caused by atherosclerosis, but with different clinical pictures. After the accumulation of atherosclerosis increases the size of the plaque and blockage of the vessel, chronic occlusive disease occurs. Although it rarely occurs in the aorta, chronic disease can significantly alter the flow of major branches of the aorta, such as the carotid and tibial arteries. Our blood vessels can separate over time.
There are various mechanisms by which vessels can adapt and maintain blood flow under conditions of chronic occlusion. One change is the construction of a new ship (shelter rotation). In addition, the vessels may grow when atherosclerosis (vessel changes) develops. Resting blood pressure cannot be changed until the ventricular ejection fraction increases to more than 70 percent. This process is preceded by a decrease in blood flow in certain vascular beds, and the symptoms first appear in stressful situations. For example, with coronary artery disease, the patient may be asymptomatic at rest and feel pain during work. An exercise test is often used to diagnose chronic coronary artery disease. Because the arteries are narrowed and blood flow is reduced, patients are more prone to serious complications such as myocardial infarction (heart disease).
A Functional Medicine Protocol For Coronary Artery Disease
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are wrapped in a network of fibrin chains. Fibrin, a hard, insoluble protein, is an important component of blood after blood vessel damage.
Atherosclerotic plaques can affect the formation of blood clots (thrombus) on it, which requires a strong thrombotic blockage of the vessels and complications of atherosclerosis. Because the occlusion occurs so quickly, the body does not have time to compensate or respond to this blockage, and without prompt treatment, tissue damage will occur due to ischemia. When it happens in the blood vessels, the result is myocardial infarction; When it reaches the brain, the result is a stroke. Acute thrombosis causes irreversible damage and is associated with organ failure, such as occurs in the heart after a myocardial infarction or in the brain after a stroke.
Atherosclerosis prevention strategies focus on modifying risk factors. Advise patients to improve diet and exercise to reduce cholesterol and improve lipoprotein levels. If lifestyle changes are not effective, statin drugs, which prevent the formation of cholesterol in the blood and prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, are often used to reduce the time it takes for thrombosis to develop. Similarly, quitting smoking is a way to reduce the development of atherosclerosis. A low-dose daily aspirin is recommended for those who have or are at risk of heart disease or stroke. Keeping aspirin at low levels in the blood helps platelets to stick to blood clots, preventing the complications of atherosclerosis. Aspirin has also been shown to reduce the risk of dying from a heart attack if taken during or after a heart attack.
Chronic occlusion is treated by opening or narrowing the blocked artery; However, the ship can be modified in different ways. Atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries is removed directly from the arteries and blood flow can be restored in a procedure called atherectomy, in which a small knife is inserted through a catheter to remove the plaque. in the walls of blood vessels. Ligation of the vein is done using a hollow cup. This procedure works by diverting a natural blood vessel, such as a mammary artery (from the leg) or an internal artery (in the chest), to the heart to stop the flow. the blood. Replacement of the major arteries and aorta with Dacron™ (synthetic fiberglass tubing) is common.
People Of This Blood Group Are More Susceptible To Heart Attacks!
Dangerous coronary artery stents. It is covered with drugs that inhibit the growth of cells that can repair open arteries.
Non-invasive methods have been developed to remove blockages from chronic atherosclerosis using catheters in a procedure called angioplasty. The balloon at the end of the catheter dilates the vessel and allows blood to circulate around the blockage. This procedure usually involves inserting an expandable stent (tube) that is permanently attached to the artery wall to keep the artery open. Many stents today have a special coating that slowly releases the drug to prevent re-closure of the vessel (restenosis), which can occur years after the stent is placed. Expandable stents made of biodegradable polymers slowly disintegrate and are replaced by the body, providing long-term mechanical support to the healing vessel and reducing the risk of stenosis.
During right coronary angioplasty, a radioactive dye is injected through a catheter into the aorta.
Right coronary artery 30 minutes after initiation of intravenous thrombolytic therapy during coronary angioplasty to eliminate intravascular coagulation.
Impact Of Oxidative Stress On The Heart And Vasculature: Part 2 Of A 3 Part Series
Clogged arteries are affected in a variety of ways. Proteolytic enzymes (enzymes that break down proteins) or drugs that activate the proteolytic process are often used to break up clots. The most commonly used drug is tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), which is given intravenously and rapidly clears blood clots. Acute coronary thrombosis is treated with angioplasty, which usually involves the placement of a stent to rapidly restore blood flow. However, thrombolytic agents such as t-PA affect blood flow, causing bleeding during and after infusion. This complaint has led to the rejection of these procedures in elderly patients due to the risk of stroke. Regardless of the procedure, time is very important to restore blood flow, and early detection of symptoms has become the goal of health education.
Antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs may be used to prevent thrombocytopenia in patients at risk of thrombosis. Statins reduce the development of arterial disease through anti-inflammatory effects, but this is not clear. In addition, certain foods are associated with a reduction in acute thrombotic events, such as a diet high in vitamin E, fish oil and red wine; However, larger studies are needed to confirm these results.
Polyarteritis nodules, also known as periarteritis nodules, is a common underdiagnosed disease; Hypersensitivity may be severe. It is more common in men and can occur at any age. Small blood vessels and arteries can affect different parts of the body, causing blockages, bleeding, or a combination of these. Courses can be quick, a few weeks, months, or longer. Blood vessel damage affects blood flow to the skin, stomach, kidneys, and heart. Arthritis symptoms may occur, and involvement of all organs is noted. In most cases, there is a fever and an increase in size
