Is It Safe To Be Vaccinated During Pregnancy – Effectiveness of Maternal Vaccination with COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine During Pregnancy Against COVID-19 – Associated Hospitalizations of Infants <6 Months – 17 States, July 2021 – January 2022
Vaccination against COVID-19 is recommended during pregnancy to prevent severe morbidity and mortality in pregnant women. Children are at risk of complications from COVID-19, including respiratory failure and other life-threatening complications.
Is It Safe To Be Vaccinated During Pregnancy
The effectiveness of maternal completion of a 2-dose series of primary mRNA vaccine for COVID-19 during pregnancy against hospitalization for COVID-19 in infants under 6 months of age was 61% (95% CI = 31% to 78%). The effectiveness of completing the initial series of COVID-19 vaccines in early and late pregnancy was 32% (95% CI = -43% to 68%) and 80% (95% CI = 55% to 91%), respectively.
Pregnant Women Who Receive Covid 19 Vaccination Pass Protection From The Virus To Their Newborns
Administration of the 2-dose series of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine during pregnancy may help prevent hospitalization for COVID-19 in infants under 6 months of age.
Vaccination against COVID-19 is recommended to protect against COVID-19 for people who are pregnant, breastfeeding, trying to become pregnant, or who may become pregnant in the future.
Infants are at risk of life-threatening complications from COVID-19, including acute respiratory failure (1). Evidence from other vaccine-preventable diseases suggests that maternal immunization may provide protection to infants through passive transplacental transfer of antibodies, particularly during the high-risk first 6 months of life (2). Recent studies of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy suggest the potential for transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies to protect infants (3-5); however, there is currently no epidemiological evidence of a protective benefit of maternal immunization against COVID-19 during pregnancy in infants. The Victory from COVID-19 Network conducted a test-negative, case-control study between July 1, 2021, and January 17, 2022, in 20 pediatric hospitals in 17 states to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-dose maternal primary to stop COVID-19. -19 mRNA detection of vaccination series against COVID-19 hospitalization in infants during pregnancy. Among 379 hospitalized infants under 6 months of age (176 with COVID-19 [case infants] and 203 without COVID-19 [control infants]), the median age was 2 months, 21% had at least one underlying disease and 22% of case and control children were born prematurely (<37 weeks' gestation). The effectiveness of maternal vaccination during pregnancy against COVID-19 hospitalization in infants under 6 months of age was 61% (95% CI = 31% to 78%). Administration of the 2-dose series of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine during pregnancy may help prevent hospitalization for COVID-19 in infants under 6 months of age.
Using a test-negative, case-control study design, vaccine efficacy was assessed by comparing the likelihood of infants and control infants (HIV-negative) completing 2 doses of the primary COVID-19 mRNA vaccine series during pregnancy. -CoV -2 test results) (6). . Participating infants were less than 6 months of age and had out-of-hospital deliveries between July 1, 2021 and January 17, 2022, at one of 20 children’s hospitals. During this period, the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 was the dominant variant. dominated by the United States until December, then by Omicron.
Pfizer And Moderna Vaccines Safe For Pregnant People, Major Study Confirms
Infants with an incident were hospitalized with COVID-19 as the primary reason for admission or had clinical symptoms consistent with acute COVID-19**, and infants with an incident had a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result or antigen test. No child was diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome. The control group included hospitalized children with or without symptoms of COVID-19, with negative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR or antigen test results. Enrolled follow-up infants were matched with newborns and hospitalized within 3–4 weeks of infant admission. Basic demographic characteristics, clinical information, and history of SARS-CoV-2 testing were obtained at the time of hospitalization or after discharge by trained research staff through interviews with parents or guardians and the child’s electronic medical record. Mothers were asked about their history of vaccination against COVID-19, including number of doses and whether a dose was given during pregnancy, place of vaccination, vaccine manufacturer, and availability of a COVID-19 vaccine. map. Research staff reviewed documented sources, including state immunization registries, electronic health records, or other sources (eg, records from primary care providers) to confirm vaccination status.
Mothers were considered vaccinated against COVID-19 if they received a 2-dose series of Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccine based on primary documentation or reliable self-report (date and location of vaccination). Maternal COVID-19 vaccination status was categorized as 1) unvaccinated (mothers whose infants did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine before hospitalization) or 2) vaccinated.
(mothers who completed a 2-dose series of primary mRNA vaccine for COVID-19 during pregnancy ≥14 days prior to delivery). Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection status during pregnancy or postpartum was not documented in this evaluation. Mothers who were partially vaccinated during pregnancy (1 dose during pregnancy and none before pregnancy) or vaccinated after pregnancy (71), who received Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) COVID-19 vaccine (four), who received 2 doses of COVID-19 before were excluded. pregnancy (seven) or received >2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine ≥14 days before delivery (10).
Descriptive statistics (Pearson’s chi-square tests and Fisher’s exact tests for categorical outcomes or Wilcoxon rank sum tests for continuous outcomes) were used to compare characteristics of case and control infants; p-values 5% or because data were missing for many individuals. infants (breastfeeding history, premature or stillbirth). A secondary analysis evaluated the effectiveness of mothers who received a second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine early in pregnancy (within the first 20 weeks) and late in pregnancy (from 21 weeks to 14 days before delivery). Statistical analyzes were performed using SAS (version 9.4; SAS Institute). Procedures were approved by each participating site as public health surveillance and were performed in accordance with applicable federal law and policy.
Covid 19 Vaccination & Pregnancy
Between July 1, 2021, and January 17, 2022, 104 (22%) of 483 eligible infants at 20 children’s hospitals in 17 states were excluded; 71 children were excluded from mothers partially vaccinated during pregnancy or vaccinated after delivery, 10 children were born from mothers who received the third dose of vaccine ≥14 days before delivery, and 23 children were excluded for other reasons.
Among the remaining 379 hospitalized infants (176 infants and 203 control infants), the median age was 2 months, 80 (21%) had at least one underlying medical condition, and 72 (22%) were preterm ( Table 1 ). . For infants, 16% of mothers received 2 doses of the COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy, and 32% of control infants were vaccinated. Case and control children had a similar prevalence of major medical conditions (20% and 23%, respectively; p = 0.42) and prematurity (23% and 21%, respectively; p = 0.58). Case children were more likely to be non-Hispanic black (18%) and Hispanic (34%) than control children (9% and 28%, respectively).
43 (24%) of sick infants were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (Table 2). A total of 25 (15%) infants were critically ill and receiving life support during hospitalization, including mechanical ventilation, vasoactive infusion, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); one of these critically ill patients (0.4%) died. 88% of the 43 cases of infants admitted to the intensive care unit had unvaccinated mothers. The mother of one child who required ECMO and one child who died were both unvaccinated.
The VE of the completed 2-dose primary maternal mRNA vaccination series for maternal COVID-19 during pregnancy against COVID-19-related hospitalization in infants <6 months of age was 61% (95% CI=31% to 78%) (Table 3). Date of vaccination was documented in 90 (97%) of 93 mothers classified as vaccinated. The efficacy of a completed 2-dose vaccination series against COVID-19 in early pregnancy (first 20 weeks) was 32% (95% CI = -43% to 68%), although the confidence interval was wide and should be interpreted with caution. , and 80% (95% CI = 55% to 91%) later in pregnancy (21 weeks to 14 days before delivery).
Vaccination During Pregnancy
Maternal completion of a 2-dose series of primary mRNA vaccine for COVID-19 during pregnancy between July 2021 and January 2022 was associated with a reduced risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 in infants <6 months of age in a 20-year definitive assessment. US Children's Hospitals. Delta and Omicron versions are in circulation. Of the 176 infants under 6 months of age hospitalized with COVID-19, 148 (84%) were born to mothers who were not vaccinated during pregnancy. Although boosters are offered to pregnant women, it is not possible to estimate the VE of mothers who received boosters during pregnancy because of the small sample size, which may underestimate the VE. Taken together, these results suggest that maternal vaccination during pregnancy may help protect infants younger than 6 months from hospitalization for COVID-19.
COVID-19 during pregnancy is associated with severe morbidity and mortality (7), and pregnant women are more likely to experience preterm labor, stillbirth, and other complications of pregnancy due to COVID-19 (8). Vaccination is recommended for pregnant women to prevent severe illness and death from COVID-19. Vaccination against COVID-19 is safe and effective when administered during pregnancy (9, 10). Vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy is associated with maternal antibodies detected in maternal sera, breast milk, and infant sera at delivery, suggesting transmission of maternal antibodies (3-5).